Many music traditions have been adapted to fit western forms of notation so they may be recorded, or for the purpose of education, but this process can be destructive. Khazan Rajabiy, Master of maqoms, during a masterclass Read more on the element Deforestation, for example, can deprive a community of wood to make traditional instruments used to perform music. Often, traditional art forms are turned into commodities in the name of entertainment, with the loss of important forms of community expression.In other cases, wider social or environmental factors may have a serious impact on performing art traditions. While tourism can contribute to reviving traditional performing arts and give a ‘market value’ to intangible cultural heritage, it can also have a distorting effect, as the performances are often reduced to show adapted highlights in order to meet tourist demands. Although this may bring more visitors and increased revenue to a country or community and offer a window onto its culture, it may also result in the emergence of new ways of presenting the performing arts, which have been altered for the tourist market. Music, dance and theatre are often key features of cultural promotion intended to attract tourists and regularly feature in the itineraries of tour operators. In these situations, there is little place for certain musical practices that are vital to the process of performance and tradition in certain communities. Many diverse forms of music may be homogenized with the goal of delivering a consistent product. Though it performs an important role in cultural exchange and encourages creativity that enriches the international art scene, the phenomenon can also cause problems. Music is perhaps one of the best examples of this, with the recent explosion in the popularity of ‘World Music’. Even in cases where they become more popular, only certain expressions may benefit while others suffer. As cultural practices become standardized, many traditional practices are abandoned. Many forms of performing arts are under threat today. Performing arts are often performed in specific places when these spaces are closely linked to the performance, they are considered cultural spaces by the Convention. In the performing arts this includes musical instruments, masks, costumes and other body decorations used in dance, and the scenery and props of theatre. The instruments, objects, artefacts and spaces associated with cultural expressions and practices are all included in the Convention’s definition of intangible cultural heritage. Samba de Roda of the Recôncavo of Bahia Read more on the element In a more intimate setting, lullabies are often sung to help a baby sleep. These arts, however, are more than simply ‘performances’ for an audience they may also play crucial roles in culture and society such as songs sung while carrying out agricultural work or music that is part of a ritual. Traditional theatre performances usually combine acting, singing, dance and music, dialogue, narration or recitation but may also include puppetry or pantomime. Apart form its physical aspect, the rhythmic movements, steps and gestures of dance often express a sentiment or mood or illustrate a specific event or daily act, such as religious dances and those representing hunting, warfare or sexual activity. The occasions on which music is performed are just as varied: marriages, funerals, rituals and initiations, festivities, all kinds of entertainment as well as many other social functions.ĭance, though very complex, may be described simply as ordered bodily movements, usually performed to music. There may also be a political or economic dimension to music: it can recount a community’s history, sing the praises of a powerful person and play a key role in economic transactions. It can be found in the most diverse contexts: sacred or profane, classical or popular, closely connected to work or entertainment. Music is perhaps the most universal of the performing arts and is found in every society, most often as an integral part of other performing art forms and other domains of intangible cultural heritage including rituals, festive events or oral traditions. Urtiin Duu, traditional folk long song Read more on the element
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